Nur Kholifatus Sholikha
Universitas Islam Majapahit

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AGENT-BASED SIMULATION APPROACH FOR MANAGING LOSS RATE IN THE AGROSUPPLY CHAINS UNDER THE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY POLICY Pipit Sari Puspitorini; Nur Kholifatus Sholikha; Imaduddin Bahtiar Efendi
JISO : Journal of Industrial and Systems Optimization Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51804/jiso.v8i2.108-116

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this study, a chili supply chain model based on agent-based simulation (ABS) is designed. ABS is a simulation method that models how individual agents interact to understand a system’s overall behavior. This study aims to test the SCR model and assess the impact of policies such as fertilizer subsidies and price information disclosure on distribution efficiency. The stages for building the ABS model begin with identifying obstacles through questionnaires and observations and modeling, five agents: farmers, collectors, distributors, consumers, and the government. The modeling uses NetLogo software, which is used to build the ABS model with two scenarios. The scenarios considered (1) a model without fertilizer subsidies and price information and, (2) a model with subsidies and price information. The simulation results show that the scenario using fertilizer subsidies and price information is more effective by reducing delivery lead time by 69.6 hours and loss rates by 14%, increasing farmer margins by 50%, and reaching 92% service levels. Model validation in the second scenario reduced prices by approximately 28%. The model’s’ implications can be used by the government in creating food price stabilization policies to maintain food security. Future work on food security models could include integrating digital technologies such as IoT, blockchain, or e commerce to simulate supply chain real-time traceability. ABSTRAK Studi ini mendesain model supply chain cabai berbasis Agent Based Simulation (ABS). ABS merupakan metode simulasi yang memodelkan bagaimana agen individu saling berinteraksi untuk memahami perilaku keseluruhan sistem. Tujuannya adalah untuk menguji model ketahanan supply chain dan menilai dampak kebijakan seperti subsidi pupuk serta keterbukaan informasi harga terhadap efisiensi distribusi. Tahapan untuk membangun model ABS dimulai dari mengidentifikasi hambatan melalui kuesioner dan observasi, serta pemodelan lima agen yaitu petani, pengepul, distributor, konsumen, dan pemerintah. Pemodelan menggunakan perangkat lunak NetLogo yang digunakan untuk membangun model ABS dengan dua skenario. Skenario tersebut mempertimbangkan (1) model tanpa subsidi pupuk dan informasi harga, dan (2) Model dengan subsidi dan informasi harga. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa skenario yang menggunakan subsidi pupuk dan informasi harga berjalan lebih efektif dengan menurunkan lead time pengiriman sampai 69.6 jam dan kerusakan produk (losses rate) sebesar 14%, margin petani meningkat sebesar 50%, serta service level mencapai 92%. Validasi model pada skenario kedua menurunkan harga sekitar 28 %. Implikasi model dapat digunakan oleh pemerintah dalam menciptakan kebijakan stabilitasi harga pangan sehingga mampu menjaga ketahanan pangan. Arah pengembangan model ketahanan pangan kedepan dengan mengintegrasikan dimensi teknologi digital seperti IoT, blockchain, atau e-commerce untuk mensimulasikan ketelusuran waktu nyata dalam supply chain.