Introduction: Academic stress, changes in learning paradigms, adaptation to the transition to college, and cultural upheavals can all impact first-year students' sleep and quality of life. Decreased quality of life (QoL) may result from insufficient sleep. Poor sleep quality has been reported in 73% of nursing students in Indonesia. An initial survey of 30 students in their first academic year at a private university revealed that 90% of respondents were dissatisfied with their sleep, and 26.7% reported a low QoL. Aims: Assess sleep quality, QoL, and factors related to QoL among first-year nursing students at a private university in Tangerang. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a private university in Tangerang, and ethical approval was obtained. The population consisted of 436 first-year nursing students, of whom 235 were selected through convenience sampling. The instruments used were the WHOQOL-BREF and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), administered as online questionnaires. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the chi-square test. Results: Most respondents (94.9%) had poor sleep quality, whereas 51.9% had a good QoL. Furthermore, the chi-square test revealed no association between gender (p = 0.384) or sleep quality (p = 0.451) and QoL. However, there was an association between regional origin and student QoL (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Universities, faculties, and dormitories should offer comprehensive health promotion, conducive learning environments, and student support programs that foster successful academic and social adjustment while promoting healthy sleep behaviors and overall well-being to enhance the QoL of nursing students.