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All Journal Local History & Heritage
Muhamad Risky
Universitas Riau Kepulauan
Arts Humanities

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From Traditional Navigation to the Global Positioning System (GPS): The Transformation of Orang Laut Maritime Knowledge in Kawal Bintan, 1970–2025 Elvina Puspita Sari; Novita Mandasari Hutagaol; Fitri Yanti; Arnesih Arnesih; Muhamad Risky; Aubray Mariel Ariestho; Sinta Soptapia
Local History & Heritage Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/lhh.v6i2.2215

Abstract

The maritime knowledge of the Orang Laut constitutes a form of Traditional Ecological Knowledge developed through prolonged interaction with marine environments. Modernization, navigational technologies, and coastal environmental change have increasingly shaped its continuity. This study examines the transformation of Orang Laut maritime knowledge in Kawal Village, Bintan Regency, Riau Islands Province, from 1970 to 2025, focusing on shifts in navigation systems, drivers of transformation, and intergenerational knowledge transmission. Employing an oral history method, the study draws on in-depth interviews with three Orang Laut descendants who remain actively engaged in seafaring. The evidence was verified through source criticism, supplemented by relevant literature, and interpreted through historical anthropology and the conceptual framework of Traditional Ecological Knowledge. The findings demonstrate that the Global Positioning System has not displaced traditional navigation; rather, it has fostered knowledge hybridization by integrating readings of stars, currents, winds, seasons, and marine biota with modern navigational technology. However, coastal environmental change and weakening intergenerational transmission have contributed to the erosion of traditional ecological knowledge. The study argues that this transformation represents an adaptive negotiation between tradition and modernity, enriching the maritime historiography of the Orang Laut.
The Development of Traditional Fishing Gear among the Orang Laut Community of Lipan Island as Maritime Cultural Heritage, 1980–2025 Muhamad Risky; Novita Mandasari Hutagaol; Tri Tarwiyani
Local History & Heritage Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/lhh.v6i2.2247

Abstract

This study examines the development of traditional fishing gear among the Orang Laut community of Lipan Island, Lingga Regency, from 1980 to 2025 as an integral part of maritime knowledge and cultural heritage. It investigates changes in fishing technologies, the dynamics of continuity and change, and their contribution to Indonesian maritime historiography. Using the historical method, the study applies heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, drawing primarily on oral histories from semi-structured interviews with Asrah, Pui, Nyai, and Ketem, and corroborating them through field observations, documentation, cross-informant comparison, and a literature review. The findings show that serampang, turah, ebol, sampan, and wind-, star-, lunar-phase-, and tide-based navigation predominated during 1980–1995, while motorized boats, synthetic fishing gear, and GPS navigation became increasingly prevalent from the mid-1990s to 2025. Despite these technological changes, fishers continued to integrate modern technologies with traditional ecological knowledge and maritime skills. The study concludes that modernization represents an adaptive transformation rather than a technological replacement, highlighting the persistence of local knowledge and the importance of its transmission in preserving maritime cultural heritage.
Co-Authors Arnesih Arnesih Aubray Mariel Ariestho Elvina Puspita Sari Fitri Yanti Novita Mandasari Hutagaol Sinta Soptapia Tri Tarwiyani