<![CDATA[This article critically examines the origins and development of religion from Islamic and Western perspectives, with particular attention to the relationship between revelation, human nature, religious diversity, and the historical transformation of religious beliefs. Employing a qualitative library research method and a comparative-critical approach, the study analyzes Islamic theological sources alongside major Western perspectives on the emergence and development of religion. The findings indicate a fundamental distinction between the Islamic conception of religion, which is grounded in divine revelation, tawḥīd, and human fiṭrah, and evolutionary perspectives that explain religion primarily through human cognitive, social, and cultural development. From the Islamic perspective, the prophets conveyed a unified fundamental message centered on the worship of one God, while subsequent religious diversity is understood in relation to historical interpretation, cultural transformation, and deviation from revealed guidance. The study further finds that contemporary religious pluralism, relativization of religious truth, globalization, and digital media create new challenges for the communication and preservation of the message of tawḥīd. These developments have significant implications for contemporary Islamic da'wah, which requires ethical, dialogical, and contextual communication strategies while maintaining its grounding in divine revelation. The article concludes that understanding the origins and transformation of religion requires an approach that recognizes both the historical dynamics of religious traditions and the enduring theological foundation of revelation.]]>
