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Energy-Aware Multimodal Biometric Authentication Systems for Mobile Yaser Issam Hamodi Aljanabi; Mohammed Fadhil Mahdi; Shahd Imad Hadi; Saif Kamil Shnain; Intesar Abbas; Siti Sarah Maidin
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v5i1.1356

Abstract

As smartphones become central to personal identity verification, the need for secure, efficient, and power-conscious authentication methods is paramount. While multimodal biometric systems, combining features like face and fingerprint recognition, offer superior accuracy over unimodal approaches, their adoption on mobile platforms is severely hindered by high energy consumption and hardware variability. This paper introduces an energy-aware multimodal biometric authentication framework designed for Android smartphones that directly confronts this challenge. Our system features a novel adaptive fusion mechanism that intelligently balances recognition accuracy with power consumption by dynamically adjusting the weights of biometric modalities in real-time based on battery level and ambient environmental conditions. To validate our framework, we conducted an extensive experimental study involving 46 participants across 460 authentication sessions on five different smartphone models. The results demonstrate that our adaptive system significantly outperforms both unimodal and static fusion baselines. It achieves a high True Acceptance Rate (TAR) and a low Equal Error Rate (EER) while substantially reducing the Energy-Delay Product (EDP). A key feature is the system's ability to gracefully degrade to a secure, fingerprint-only mode when the battery is critically low, ensuring continuous availability without compromising security. This research proves that intelligent, context-aware modality adaptation is a viable strategy for creating robust, efficient, and sustainable biometric authentication solutions suitable for long-term use in consumer electronics.
Neuromorphic Hardware Design for Energy-Aware Artificial Intelligence Computation Yaser Issam Hamodi Aljanabi; Salah Yehia Hussain; Darin Shafiq Salim; Vian S. Al-Doori; Jassim Mohamed Brieg; M. Batumalay
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v5i1.1279

Abstract

Rapid growth of the energy-efficient artificial intelligence (AI) systems has attracted substantial interest in neuromorphic computing that emulates organization and actions of a biological neural?system to support low-power, event-driven information processing. In this work, we propose a neuromorphic hardware architecture for energy-efficient AI computing that utilizes spiking neural networks and monolithic?vertical integration to improve the performance of a variety of vision tasks. The architecture is tested against three benchmark datasets— MNIST, N-MNIST, and DVS128,?representing static, spiking and dynamic input modalities, respectively. The performance metrics, such as energy efficiency, inference latency,?throughput, classification accuracy, and unified Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) are compared to characterize the generalization power of the system in different processing environments. Experimental results show that the proposed chip provides a sharply lower energy per inference with a competitively performing accuracy over conventional AI?accelerators, including GPU-based and microcontroller platforms. Additionally, the hardware achieves sub-2 ms inference latency and high throughput, indicating suitability for real-time, embedded AI applications. Comparative analysis with existing neuromorphic platforms highlights the advantage of architectural co-design in balancing energy and performance constraints. While the absence of on-chip learning presents a limitation, the system offers a scalable foundation for edge AI systems requiring efficient, continuous inference. Future directions include integrating adaptive learning mechanisms and extending evaluation to broader AI domains as a process innovation.