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Health Literacy and Understanding of Medical Instructions in Multilingual Communities: A Mixed Methods Study of the Bugis–Makassar–Indonesian Speaking Population in South Sulawesi Nurasia Natsir; Suntin Suntin; Alamsyah Alamsyah
International Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): August: International Journal of Health and Social Behavior
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijhsb.v3i3.668

Abstract

Background. Health literacy plays an important role in determining health outcomes; however, in multilingual societies, the interpretation of health information can be influenced by the complexity of language use and communication practices. In South Sulawesi, Indonesia, communities commonly communicate using Indonesian, Bugis, and Makassar languages, yet the impact of linguistic diversity on medical communication remains insufficiently explored. Objective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between language dominance and the ability to comprehend written and oral medical information, while identifying communication challenges experienced in multilingual healthcare settings. Methods. A convergent parallel mixed-methods approach was applied, involving a survey of 320 Community Health Center visitors, 24 in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis of 18 doctor-patient consultations. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated through a joint display analysis. Results. The findings revealed that 61.3% of participants demonstrated inadequate health literacy. Bugis-dominant speakers showed significantly lower comprehension scores (M = 52.4) than Indonesian-dominant speakers (M = 71.8; Cohen’s d = 1.84). Frequent code-switching was associated with increased comprehension difficulties (r = 0.47). Linguistic factors contributed an additional 21% to the explained variance, with language dominance identified as the strongest predictor. Qualitative findings revealed four major barriers: unclear biomedical terminology, differences between formal and local language registers, ambiguity in spoken instructions, and limited patient participation. Conclusion. Effective health communication requires greater linguistic adaptation through local-language materials, culturally responsive training for healthcare providers, and assessment approaches that recognize multilingual abilities as strengths rather than limitations.
Peningkatan Literasi Membaca dan Menulis Berbahasa Indonesia Bermuatan Kesehatan bagi Siswa SMK 15 Maros melalui Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Sehat Heryani Heryani; Dika Ayu Wulandari; Nurasia Natsir; Fibri Indira; Nisma Nisma; Jenita Laurensia Saranga; Evi Kusumawati
Jurnal Pelayanan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): September : Jurnal Pelayanan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi Yappi Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jppmi.v5i3.2989

Abstract

Reading and writing literacy skills are essential for vocational high school (SMK) students’ learning success and for developing health knowledge and healthy living habits. However, some students still experience difficulties in understanding texts and expressing ideas in writing, while health education is often delivered separately from literacy activities. This study aims to describe the implementation and effectiveness of a health-content reading-writing literacy assistance program through the Healthy School Literacy Movement. The program was conducted at SMK 15 Maros using a participatory and fun-learning approach integrating language literacy with health topics, including personal hygiene, balanced nutrition, and clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS). Activities included guided read-aloud and health-themed discussions, creative writing training, development of a health-themed reading corner, and teacher mentoring. Evaluation used a simple pretest-posttest involving 32 eleventh-grade students. Results showed an increase in comprehension scores from an average of 62 before the activity to 84 afterward, accompanied by greater confidence in expressing ideas in writing. Most students were able to compose 3–5 coherent sentences containing health messages based on the texts they read. The findings indicate that integrating literacy with health content can improve reading-writing skills and basic health understanding while supporting sustainable literacy habits and healthy lifestyles in schools.