<![CDATA[This study aims to identify the various challenges encountered during the implementation of technology-based instruction at MIS NW Pungkang. It focuses on the actual classroom learning environment, specifically regarding the use of media and technological devices to support teaching and learning activities. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed. Data collection involved participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis utilized the Miles and Huberman interactive model, comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was verified through technique triangulation. The findings indicate that: (1) the primary challenges regarding technology-based instruction at MI NW Pungkang include limited facilities specifically the availability of only one projector for the entire school unstable internet connectivity, and a lack of digital media training for teachers, resulting in the continued dominance of conventional teaching methods; (2) key obstacles include a scarcity of technological devices, cumbersome equipment-borrowing procedures, unreliable internet connections, and low levels of teacher technical competence; and (3) teachers have resorted to using simple media, such as visual posters, as alternatives to digital media. Nevertheless, students demonstrated a positive and enthusiastic response when lessons incorporated visual media and technology, suggesting significant potential for enhancing instructional effectiveness if the facility-related constraints can be overcome.]]>
