Puput Mita Kurnia Wati
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

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G-CCEP: A Gamified Education Program to Improve HPV Vaccination Knowledge and Attitudes Puput Mita Kurnia Wati; Luluk Fajria Maulida; Siti Nurhidayati; Revi Gama Hatta Novika; Iffah Indri Kusmawati
Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education Vol. 14 No. SI2 (2026): Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Educat
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

  Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is an effective primary prevention strategy for reducing HPV infection and cervical cancer incidence. Nevertheless, HPV vaccination coverage among young adults, especially female university students, remains low. Inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes toward HPV vaccination are among the factors contributing to poor vaccine acceptance. Therefore, innovative educational approaches that match young adults’ characteristics are needed, including the Gamification of Cervical Cancer Education and Prevention (G-CCEP) program. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of G-CCEP education on knowledge and attitudes regarding HPV vaccination among female students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Methods: This study used a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Participants were active undergraduate female students who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The G-CCEP intervention was delivered through a web-based educational platform developed according to the Health Belief Model framework. Data on knowledge and attitudes were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: The G-CCEP educational intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge regarding HPV vaccination, as demonstrated by higher post-intervention knowledge scores (Z = -12.719; p = 0.000; p < 0.05). However, the intervention did not produce a statistically significant effect on participants’ attitudes toward HPV vaccination. Most participants had never received HPV vaccination before the intervention, indicating the need for engaging educational programs that can improve awareness, encourage preventive behavior, and effectively support cervical cancer prevention efforts among university students. Conclusion: The gamification-based G-CCEP intervention effectively increased female students’ knowledge regarding HPV vaccination but was insufficient to influence attitudes significantly. These findings indicate that knowledge improvement alone may not directly change attitudes, emphasizing the importance of additional supportive strategies to strengthen positive attitudes and increase HPV vaccine acceptance among young adults.