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All Journal BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan
Afolabi Ayodeji Sunday
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Nigeria
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation

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MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND OPTIMAL CONTROL ANALYSIS OF TRIPLE-INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR SCHISTOSOMIASIS MANAGEMENT IN ENDEMIC REGIONS Afolabi Ayodeji Sunday; Josiah Chukwuebuka Orji
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 20 No 4 (2026): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol20iss4pp3283-3306

Abstract

Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health challenge, affecting approximately 250 million people globally, particularly in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The disease is sustained through a complex transmission cycle involving freshwater, snails and human-water contact. Although Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with praziquantel remains the cornerstone of the control efforts, rapid reinfection often limits its long-term effectiveness. In this study, we develop a novel nonlinear compartmental model that couples human and snail dynamics while incorporating three time-dependent control measures: MDA, mollusciciding for snail reduction, and water-contact reduction to reduce human-water contact. We apply Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to derive optimal strategies and simulate four intervention combinations. Our results reveal that while single or dual interventions moderately reduce transmission, the triple-intervention strategy most effectively suppresses both human and snail infections. Crucially, we extend the analysis by evaluating the cost-effectiveness of each strategy using metrics such as the IAR, ACER, and ICER. Findings indicate that the integrated approach not only maximizes health benefits but it is also economically justified, with some strategies demonstrating cost savings alongside epidemiological gains.
Co-Authors Josiah Chukwuebuka Orji