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All Journal Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management)
Sosteness Jerome Nakamo
Department of Environmental Planning, Institute of Rural Development Planning (IRDP), Dodoma, 41213, Tanzania
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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Land Use/Cover Dynamics in the Ruhuhu River Basin, Tanzania (1990–2023): A Multi-temporal Satellite Imagery and Machine Learning Analysis Helene Stephene Francis; Sosteness Jerome Nakamo; Fadhili Mgumia
Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Vol 16 No 4 (2026): Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (JPSL)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup, IPB (PPLH-IPB) dan Program Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, IPB (PS. PSL, SPs. IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jpsl.16.4.550

Abstract

This study presents the first multi-decadal analysis of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics in the Ruhuhu River Basin, Tanzania, over a 34-year period (1990–2023). Multi-temporal satellite imagery from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel-2 MSI was classified using the Random Forest algorithm within Google Earth Engine into six LULC categories: water, barren land, forest, grassland, farmland, and shrubland. The classification accuracies were robust (overall accuracy: 81.60–98.70%; Kappa: 80.02–87.40%). The results revealed a sharp decline in forest cover from 56.92% to 28.60%, coupled with significant expansions in farmland (2.99% to 21.40%) and barren land (5.29% to 14.00%), driven by agricultural intensification and coal mining. These transformations have far-reaching implications for the ecological integrity of Lake Nyasa, including disrupted hydrological cycles, biodiversity loss, and reduced ecosystem services. This study provides spatially explicit evidence to support integrated land management and conservation strategies in the Ruhuhu catchment and similar sub-Saharan African river basins.
Co-Authors Fadhili Mgumia Helene Stephene Francis