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All Journal National Journal of Law
Daniar Atika Utami Daniar Atika Utami
Faculty of Law, Universitas Nasional, Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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10.47313 Imposing Civil Liability On Artificial Intelligence, Is It Possible? Imposing Civil Liability On Artificial Intelligence, Is It Possible? Erma Defiana Putriyanti Erma Defiana Putriyanti; Iqrimah Fauziah Iqrimah Fauziah; Daniar Atika Utami Daniar Atika Utami; Teuku Muhammad Randi Rasya Teuku Muhammad Randi Rasya
NATIONAL JOURNAL of LAW Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10 Number 1, March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47313/njl.v10i1.4429

Abstract

This research aims to examine and analyze whether Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used as a subject for civil litigation in court and what the concept of reforming the subject of civil procedural law will be in the future. This type of research is legal research with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative legal approach with Russia. The results of this research conclude that: 1). Based on fiction theory and organ theory, it is possible for AI to become an artificial legal subject or a derivative legal subject like a legal entity. However, AI has limitations, it cannot carry out its rights and obligations like a legal entity because it does not have consciousness and does not have an autonomous will, so AI can't act as a plaintiff in civil cases, because lawsuits are part of the rights; 2). Legal reform is needed by expanding the scope of civil legal responsibility for AI if errors occur and losses arise due to AI's actions. This autonomous imposition of legal responsibility can be applied to Artificial General Intelligence and Super Artificial Intelligence. Thus, legal responsibility is not only attached to the owner or producer and user of AI but can also be imposed on AI itself. Keywords: Legal Reform, Legal Subjects, Artificial Intelligence.
Co-Authors Erma Defiana Putriyanti Erma Defiana Putriyanti Iqrimah Fauziah Iqrimah Fauziah Teuku Muhammad Randi Rasya Teuku Muhammad Randi Rasya