Decent work constitutes a central pillar of sustainable development and plays a strategic role in fostering inclusive economic prosperity, as emphasized in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8. This study aims to analyze the role of decent work as a catalyst for economic prosperity within the SDGs framework by examining prevailing academic trends, policy orientations, and key thematic issues. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, this research integrates a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed publications from 2013 to 2024. Data were analyzed using content analysis and VOSviewer to identify dominant research themes, subject areas, country contributions, and keyword clusters related to decent work and economic growth. The findings reveal a significant increase in scholarly attention to decent work in relation to economic prosperity, with social sciences emerging as the dominant discipline. Key themes include employment quality, informality, poverty reduction, labor policy, and sustainable economic growth. The analysis highlights that decent work contributes not only to productivity and economic resilience but also to social justice, poverty alleviation, and human development. Persistent challenges such as informal employment, skill mismatches, and unequal access to decent job opportunities, particularly in developing countries, remain critical barriers to achieving inclusive growth. This study concludes that decent work is not merely an employment issue but a fundamental driver of sustainable economic development. Strengthening labor policies, expanding social protection, and enhancing workforce skills are essential strategies for advancing economic prosperity while upholding social equity and human dignity.