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All Journal International Journal of Literature and Language Studies
Odiljonova Nozimaxon
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Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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DEVELOPING EFL LEARNERS’ SPEAKING FLUENCY THROUGH COLLABORATIVE LEARNING Odiljonova Nozimaxon
International Journal of Literature and Language Studies Vol. 5 No. 08 (2026): International Journal of Literature and Language Studies
Publisher : International Journal of Literature and Language Studies

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Abstract

Speaking fluency is a fundamental component of effective oral communication in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts. However, many EFL learners experience difficulties in maintaining continuous speech, responding spontaneously, and participating actively in classroom interaction. One possible explanation is the limited amount of meaningful oral practice available in teacher-centred classrooms. Collaborative learning provides an alternative instructional framework in which learners interact with peers, exchange information, negotiate meaning, provide mutual support, and participate in shared communicative tasks. This article examines the potential of collaborative learning for developing EFL learners’ speaking fluency through a qualitative synthesis of relevant theoretical and empirical research. Particular attention is paid to peer interaction, opportunities for language production, negotiation of meaning, peer scaffolding, feedback, learner participation, and task design. The reviewed literature indicates that appropriately structured cooperative and collaborative activities can contribute to improvements in oral proficiency and speaking fluency. At the same time, the effectiveness of collaborative learning depends on factors such as task structure, individual accountability, participation patterns, proficiency differences, and teacher guidance. The article argues that collaborative learning should not be understood simply as placing learners into groups; rather, it should be implemented through purposeful communicative tasks that create sustained opportunities for meaningful oral interaction.
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