<![CDATA[This study summarizes recent research on the ethoscience approach, which integrates local wisdom into scientific learning and is believed to bridge the gap between academic science and students’ cultural knowledge. It aims to map trends and the distribution of ethoscience research in science education (2016 to 2026), identify the effectiveness of the ethoscience approach on science literacy, analyze the most effective learning models and strategies in ethoscience implementation, and identify research gaps as a foundation for further research development. This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 27 articles on the effectiveness of the ethnoscience approach in science education in improving science literacy.Of the 27 articles analyzed, 23 stated that ethnoscience has an impact on science literacy, meaning that 85% indicated that the integration of ethnoscience into science literacy has an impact. The trend in ethnoscience research in science education in Indonesia has seen a significant increase, with the largest surge occurring in 2025. Ten articles, accounting for 37.03%, focused on the E -PjBL + Virtual Assistive Technology as the learning models most frequently combined with ethnoscience and showing the most consistent results in improving science literacy. Conclusion: Several key findings indicate that nearly all articles highlight the importance of the Ethnoscience approach, which connects pure science concepts (such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology) with local wisdom, traditions, and students’ everyday cultural realities.]]>
