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All Journal Catalyx : Journal of Process Chemistry and Technology
Lazuardi Firdaus
Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Chemistry

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Optimizing Multiphase Catalytic Performance: A Comparative Evaluation of Structured and Oscillatory Baffled Reactors Lazuardi Firdaus
Catalyx : Journal of Process Chemistry and Technology Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/catalyx.v2i4.1278

Abstract

This study compares the performance of structured reactors and oscillatory baffled reactors (OBRs) in multiphase catalytic systems to identify optimal designs for process intensification. The objective is to assess their efficiency under standardized operating conditions for gas-liquid-solid catalytic reactions. Experimental and computational analyses were conducted using washcoated structured foams and OBRs subjected to oscillatory flow. Both systems were tested under identical temperature, pressure, and space velocity conditions. Performance metrics included conversion, selectivity, space-time yield (STY), volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa), and operational stability. Additional data were collected on residence time distribution (RTD), energy consumption, and maintenance requirements. Results showed that OBRs achieved higher conversion (90%) and STY (1.5 mol·L⁻¹·h⁻¹), driven by enhanced mixing and mass transfer (kLa = 0.12 s⁻¹). Structured reactors exhibited higher selectivity (92%), lower pressure drop (ΔP = 5 kPa), and improved operational stability. While OBRs demonstrated greater reactivity, they required more maintenance and energy input. The findings underscore a trade-off between catalytic performance and operational simplicity. OBRs are well-suited for mass transfer-limited systems, while structured reactors provide long-term reliability. This study offers a reactor selection framework based on process constraints, supporting intensified reactor design in catalysis.
Barriers to Integration in the Global Natural Gas Market: Insights from Regional Price Trends and Volatility Analysis Lazuardi Firdaus
Catalyx : Journal of Process Chemistry and Technology Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/catalyx.v2i4.1326

Abstract

This study examines natural gas price dynamics across the United States, Europe, and Japan from 2022 to 2025 to evaluate global market integration. Using World Bank Commodity Markets Outlook data and statistical methods including coefficient of variation, price spread analysis, and volatility modeling, the study finds that despite LNG trade expansion, significant regional price differentials persist. Europe experienced sharp price spikes due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Japan was buffered by long-term contracts, while the US maintained the lowest and most stable prices owing to strong domestic production. In 2025, seasonal trends and storage capacity continued to shape regional pricing. The study concludes that global natural gas markets remain only partially integrated, constrained by regulatory heterogeneity, contractual rigidity, and uneven infrastructure development. Policy recommendations include establishing regional trading hubs, standardizing contracts, and investing in flexible infrastructure to enhance energy security and market resilience.
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