<![CDATA[Introduction: Patients with Heart Failure (HF) frequently experience hospital readmission within 30 days following discharge. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with 30-day all-cause readmission among patients with HF in three Indonesian provinces (West Kalimantan, East Java, and South Sulawesi). Methods: This study used a retrospective, unmatched case-control design with data obtained from medical records archived from January 2022 to December 2023. A total of 300 patients (150 cases and 150 controls) were selected from three government hospitals that represented the western, central, and eastern regions of Indonesia and variations in HF prevalence based on national health survey data. Cases were patients with HF readmitted within 30 days of index discharge, and controls were patients with HF not readmitted within 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors. Results: In the final model, comorbidity (≥3 conditions) was independently associated with 30-day readmission (AOR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.16–5.34; p = 0.019). Protective factors included education level (AOR = 0.369; 95% CI = 0.066–0.774; p = 0.008), better functional class New York Heart Association (NYHA) I-II (AOR = 0.136; 95% CI = 0.066-0.278; p = 0.0001), and absence of edema (AOR = 0.072; 95% CI = 0.035–0.147; p = 0.0001). These protective effects corresponded to 63.1%, 86.4%, and 92.8% lower readmission risks, respectively. Conclusions: Comorbidity was the dominant risk factor for 30-day readmission among patients with HF. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive comorbidity management and discharge planning in reducing early readmission.]]>
