Ina Elin Nisak
Insan Budi Utomo University, Malang, Indonesia

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Physical Literacy of Elementy School Students in Rembang District: A Comparative Study Based on Teacher Certification Status Ina Elin Nisak; Agung Yuda Aswara; Susilo Bekti; Kenys Fadhilah Zamzam
International Journal of Post Axial: Futuristic Teaching and Learning Vol. 4 No. 3 September 2026: International Journal of Post-Axial (Articles in Press)
Publisher : Yayasan Azhar Amanaa Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59944/postaxial.v4i3.1724

Abstract

This study describes the physical literacy level of elementary school students and examines differences based on PE teacher certification status in Rembang District. Addressing the physical literacy crisis in the digital era requires quality PE teaching. An explanatory quantitative comparative design was applied to 700 students (grades IV–VI) from 25 schools (508 taught by certified teachers; 192 by non-certified teachers), drawn from a population of 2,800 students across 35 schools. Data were collected with an adapted Physical Literacy Questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene’s test, and independent-samples t-test. Overall physical literacy was categorized as Good, with 82% of students in Good to Excellent ranges (t(699) = 21.1, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.798). No significant difference appeared between students of certified and non-certified teachers (t(698) = 0.759, p = 0.448, Cohen’s d = 0.064). Certification status is therefore not the primary determinant; teaching experience, teacher dedication, and school facilities appear more influential.