<![CDATA[Environmental crises and land-use conflicts have demonstrated that the consequences of ecological degradation are not distributed equally but instead disproportionately intensify the marginalization of women through the loss of access to land, water resources, and living environments. Although Indonesia has established a comprehensive environmental legal framework, existing policies have yet to adequately address the intersecting vulnerabilities experienced by women as a disproportionately affected group. This study aims to examine the impact of environmental crises and land-use conflicts on the marginalization of women and to critically analyze Indonesia's environmental legal framework through the lens of intersectional ecofeminism in order to advance ecological justice. Employing a normative legal research methodology, the study adopts a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The analysis is conducted prescriptively through the examination of legislation, legal doctrine, and selected environmental conflict cases in Indonesia. The findings reveal that Indonesia's environmental legal framework remains grounded in an anthropocentric paradigm, conceptualizes society as a homogeneous legal subject, and has yet to incorporate gender and intersectional perspectives into the formulation and implementation of environmental policies. As its principal contribution, this study proposes an intersectional ecofeminist framework for the development of environmental law and policy based on four interrelated pillars: gender-responsive environmental governance, an Intersectional Gender Impact Assessment, meaningful participation of women in environmental decision-making, and strengthened legal protection for Women Environmental Human Rights Defenders (WEHRDs). Collectively, these pillars provide a normative framework for advancing a more inclusive, gender-responsive, and substantively just model of ecological justice.]]>
