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Universitas Pertahanan RI
Automotive Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Peningkatan Sifat Mekanik Komposit Aluminium yang Diperkuat dengan Material Berbasis Grafena: Tinjauan Metode dan Aplikasi Fabrikasi Angga Alfredo Purba; Hizkia Ginting; Ida Farida; Anang Setiawan; Rando Tungga Dewa
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v5i2.452

Abstract

Graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have strong potential as lightweight materials with enhanced mechanical performance. This systematic review examined fabrication methods, optimal compositions, and mechanical improvements in AMCs reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene nanosheets (GNS), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The review covered 25 indexed international journal articles published between 2012 and 2024 from Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, with article selection following the PRISMA framework. The findings show that planetary ball milling, powder metallurgy, sintering, friction-stir-based processing, wet coating, and High Pressure Torsion (HPT) vary in effectiveness in achieving graphene dispersion and interfacial bonding. Hardness increased by up to 43%, tensile strength by 317%, and yield strength by 25% with rGO contents below 1 wt.%. HPT increased hardness from 64 to 122 HV at 0.25 wt.%, while RFSSW improved shear strength by 31% and fracture toughness by 20%. Key research gaps include limited hybrid fabrication studies and the lack of standardized industrial-scale testing parameters.
Kajian Literatur: Metode Penguatan UHMWPE dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kemampuan Serap Energi pada Sistem Pelindung Balistik Haniel Christo Hong Sitorus; Hizkia Ginting; M. Alif Safril Hudya; Anang Setiawan; Rando Tungga Dewa; Judika Landung Butarbutar
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v5i2.456

Abstract

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a polymer material widely used in ballistic protection systems due to its low density, high specific strength, and excellent energy absorption capability. This article aims to systematically review various UHMWPE reinforcement methods, compare their effectiveness, identify the most promising methods, and evaluate their effects on the mechanical properties and energy absorption performance of the material in ballistic protection applications. The method used is a systematic literature review following the PRISMA framework (Identification, Screening, Eligibility, and Inclusion). Literature was collected from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Springer databases in period 30 years. Of the 86 articles initially identified, 42 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively and comparatively, covering crystallinity modification, gamma irradiation crosslinking, vitamin E stabilization, and the incorporation of reinforcing materials such as graphene, carbon nanotube, aramid, and carbon fiber. The results indicate that increased crystallinity and crosslink formation improve hardness, tensile strength, wear resistance, and structural stability under impact loading. The addition of vitamin E effectively inhibits oxidative degradation and improves fatigue resistance by approximately 30%, while nano-based fillers such as graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes significantly enhance mechanical strength and energy dissipation capability. Overall, the combination of gamma-irradiation crosslinking with nano-filler reinforcement shows the greatest potential for improving the performance of UHMWPE as a lightweight ballistic protection material with high energy absorption capability.  
Penerapan Lapisan Hard Chromium pada Duplex Stainless Steel SS329 untuk Proteksi Impeller pada Operasi Karbamat Mochamad Noercholin Zachary; Rando Tungga Dewa
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v5i2.459

Abstract

Multistage centrifugal pumps operating in carbamate environments are subjected to significant material degradation due to the combined effects of corrosion and abrasive wear. This study investigates the application of hard chromium plating (HCP) on SS329 duplex stainless steel impellers manufactured through a reverse engineering approach at PT Nusantara Turbin dan Propulsi. The electroplating process utilized a CrO₃ solution at a temperature of 42–50°C and a voltage of 5–6 V for 5 days. Coating characterization was performed through metallographic cross-section thickness measurements at 10 points and Vickers hardness testing (HV0.3). The average coating thickness was 20.27 μm with a coefficient of variation of 16.5%, while the average coating hardness reached 1077.1 HV0.3 with a coefficient of variation of 2.8%, exceeding the standard hardness range of 800–1000 HV for hard chromium coatings. The hardness improvement of approximately 3.4–3.8 times compared to the SS329 substrate (280–320 HV) indicates the potential of the coating to improve impeller service life relative to uncoated conditions, although long-term field validation is still required. In addition, the coating is expected to reduce maintenance frequency and operational downtime. The observed thickness variation indicates the need for optimization of current distribution and anode configuration to improve coating uniformity on the complex geometry of the impeller.
Co-Authors Anang Setiawan Angga Alfredo Purba Haniel Christo Hong Sitorus Hizkia Ginting Ida Farida Judika Landung Butarbutar M. Alif Safril Hudya Mochamad Noercholin Zachary