Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge
Arif Rachman
Departemen of Cell Biology and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Defense University, Bogor, Indonesia
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on Prognosis, Response to Therapy, and Surgical Outcomes in Various Subtypes of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review Himawan Ridho; Arfiyanti; Arif Rachman
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Breast cancer management is increasingly complicated by the global obesity crisis. While elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) worsens prognosis, its exact effect on treatment response and survival across subtypes remains unclear. This systematic review evaluates how BMI impacts prognosis, pharmacological efficacy, and oncoplastic surgical outcomes to support personalized Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a qualitative narrative synthesis using the PICO framework to search databases up to 2026. We included observational studies and retrospective RCT analyses that correlated baseline BMI in adult women with overall survival, pathological complete response, and surgical complications. Because BMI cut-offs varied across studies, we assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and applied a descriptive analytical approach to synthesize the findings.
Association Between Self-Efficacy And Burnout Among Medical Students : A Systematic Review Reza Aries; Arif Rachman; Agus Sutarman; Arfiyanti
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Burnout is a common psychological problem among medical students due to high academic demands, intensive workloads, and continuous pressure to achieve professional competence. One factor that may help reduce the risk of burnout is self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform tasks and overcome challenges. This study aimed to identify and synthesize the available evidence regarding the association between self-efficacy and burnout among medical students. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords “self-efficacy,” “burnout,” and “medical students.” Articles published between 2016 and 2025, available in full text, and meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. After the screening process, five studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The findings consistently demonstrated a significant association between self-efficacy and burnout among medical students. Most studies reported a negative relationship, indicating that students with higher levels of self-efficacy tended to experience lower levels of burnout. These findings suggest that self-efficacy serves as an important protective factor that enables medical students to cope more effectively with academic stress and reduce the likelihood of burnout. In conclusion, self-efficacy is negatively associated with burnout among medical students. Strengthening self-efficacy may be an effective strategy to reduce burnout and promote psychological well-being throughout medical education.
Prognostic Value of CONUT and PNI on Hemoglobin and Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review Galaxy Gen Mahananda Putra Anang; Arfiyanti Arfiyanti; Arif Rachman
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Abstract

Malnutrition and chronic inflammation are prevalent complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that contribute to disease progression and high mortality rates. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are objective immunonutritional tools, yet their comparative prognostic value and specific relationship with hemoglobin decline in CKD patients require comprehensive evaluation. This study aims to systematically analyze the prognostic accuracy of CONUT and PNI scores in predicting clinical outcomes and their correlation with hemoglobin levels in CKD patients. A systematic literature review was conducted via PubMed and Google Scholar for primary cohort studies published between 2023 and 2026. Six studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed qualitatively. The findings demonstrated that high CONUT and low PNI scores were significantly associated with lower hemoglobin levels and a higher risk of malnutrition in CKD patients. Both indices independently predicted adverse clinical outcomes, including renal progression and mortality. PNI consistently showed robust predictive capacity for mortality, while composite scores effectively stratified risk in dialysis populations. In conclusion, the CONUT score and PNI are reliable and cost-effective predictors of adverse clinical outcomes and hemoglobin decline in CKD patients. Routine immunonutritional screening using these indices is essential to optimize clinical management
Co-Authors Agus Sutarman Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Galaxy Gen Mahananda Putra Anang Himawan Ridho Reza Aries