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All Journal Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Barongko : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan
Arif Rachman
Departemen of Cell Biology and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Defense University, Bogor, Indonesia
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on Prognosis, Response to Therapy, and Surgical Outcomes in Various Subtypes of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review Himawan Ridho; Arfiyanti; Arif Rachman
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Abstract

Breast cancer management is increasingly complicated by the global obesity crisis. While elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) worsens prognosis, its exact effect on treatment response and survival across subtypes remains unclear. This systematic review evaluates how BMI impacts prognosis, pharmacological efficacy, and oncoplastic surgical outcomes to support personalized Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a qualitative narrative synthesis using the PICO framework to search databases up to 2026. We included observational studies and retrospective RCT analyses that correlated baseline BMI in adult women with overall survival, pathological complete response, and surgical complications. Because BMI cut-offs varied across studies, we assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and applied a descriptive analytical approach to synthesize the findings.
Association Between Self-Efficacy And Burnout Among Medical Students : A Systematic Review Reza Aries; Arif Rachman; Agus Sutarman; Arfiyanti
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Burnout is a common psychological problem among medical students due to high academic demands, intensive workloads, and continuous pressure to achieve professional competence. One factor that may help reduce the risk of burnout is self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform tasks and overcome challenges. This study aimed to identify and synthesize the available evidence regarding the association between self-efficacy and burnout among medical students. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords “self-efficacy,” “burnout,” and “medical students.” Articles published between 2016 and 2025, available in full text, and meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. After the screening process, five studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The findings consistently demonstrated a significant association between self-efficacy and burnout among medical students. Most studies reported a negative relationship, indicating that students with higher levels of self-efficacy tended to experience lower levels of burnout. These findings suggest that self-efficacy serves as an important protective factor that enables medical students to cope more effectively with academic stress and reduce the likelihood of burnout. In conclusion, self-efficacy is negatively associated with burnout among medical students. Strengthening self-efficacy may be an effective strategy to reduce burnout and promote psychological well-being throughout medical education.
Prognostic Value of CONUT and PNI on Hemoglobin and Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review Galaxy Gen Mahananda Putra Anang; Arfiyanti Arfiyanti; Arif Rachman
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Abstract

Malnutrition and chronic inflammation are prevalent complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that contribute to disease progression and high mortality rates. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are objective immunonutritional tools, yet their comparative prognostic value and specific relationship with hemoglobin decline in CKD patients require comprehensive evaluation. This study aims to systematically analyze the prognostic accuracy of CONUT and PNI scores in predicting clinical outcomes and their correlation with hemoglobin levels in CKD patients. A systematic literature review was conducted via PubMed and Google Scholar for primary cohort studies published between 2023 and 2026. Six studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed qualitatively. The findings demonstrated that high CONUT and low PNI scores were significantly associated with lower hemoglobin levels and a higher risk of malnutrition in CKD patients. Both indices independently predicted adverse clinical outcomes, including renal progression and mortality. PNI consistently showed robust predictive capacity for mortality, while composite scores effectively stratified risk in dialysis populations. In conclusion, the CONUT score and PNI are reliable and cost-effective predictors of adverse clinical outcomes and hemoglobin decline in CKD patients. Routine immunonutritional screening using these indices is essential to optimize clinical management
Nutritional Status in Children with Cyanotic and Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Literature Review Aubrey Patmonoputri; Arfiyanti Arfiyanti; Arif Rachman
Barongko: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Barongko : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan (November)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/bajik.v5i1.1817

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is frequently associated with impaired growth and malnutrition in children. However, whether nutritional status differs consistently between cyanotic and acyanotic CHD remains uncertain. This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate and compare the nutritional status of children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. The review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 framework. Literature was identified through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Garuda, focusing on pediatric CHD and nutritional status assessed using standard anthropometric indicators and Z-scores. The included evidence showed a high prevalence of nutritional impairment among children with CHD, but comparative findings were heterogeneous. Several studies reported poorer nutritional outcomes among children with cyanotic CHD, whereas other studies found no significant difference or higher malnutrition prevalence among children with acyanotic CHD. Overall, nutritional status appears to be influenced not only by cyanotic status but also by hemodynamic severity, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, age, and feeding-related factors. Routine nutritional assessment and early, individualized nutritional support should therefore be integrated into comprehensive pediatric CHD care.
Co-Authors Agus Sutarman Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Arfiyanti Aubrey Patmonoputri Galaxy Gen Mahananda Putra Anang Himawan Ridho Reza Aries