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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Surface Temperature Changes and Their Associated Factors in West Java Sodikin Sodikin
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, July 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i3.821

Abstract

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an important indicator for understanding environmental dynamics associated with regional development and changes in biophysical conditions. This study aimed to analyze the spatial-temporal changes in LST and identify anthropogenic and biophysical factors associated with surface temperature changes in West Java Province during 2014–2026. The analysis was conducted for 2014, 2018, 2022, and 2026 using Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 Collection 2 Level-2 imagery processed through Google Earth Engine. LST was derived from surface temperature data, while the analyzed factors included changes in NDVI, NDBI, built-up areas, building density, elevation, slope, water-body density, and soil moisture. LST changes were analyzed using image differencing and classified into five categories. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the relationships between LST changes and the selected factors. The results showed heterogeneous spatial patterns of LST changes, with increasing temperatures mainly occurring in urban areas, development corridors, lowland regions, and several coastal areas. Changes in built-up areas showed the strongest relative correlation with LST changes (|r|=0.061), although the relationship remained very weak, followed by changes in NDBI (|r|=0.046), while changes in soil moisture showed the weakest correlation (|r|=0.002). Overall, LST changes represent a complex phenomenon that cannot be explained by a single factor. Therefore, a multivariate approach and integrated spatial management are needed to better understand thermal dynamics and support climate-resilient regional development in West Java.
Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation in the Municipal Solid Waste Sector in Tangerang Regency: Integrating LMDI, FOD, and System Dynamics Jumadiono Jumadiono; Lina Warlina; Sodikin Sodikin
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, October 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i4.906

Abstract

Municipal solid waste management contributes to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane from landfill and unmanaged disposal. This study integrates the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI), First Order Decay (FOD), and system dynamics (SD) to identify historical drivers of MSW-related GHG emissions and evaluate long-term mitigation pathways in Tangerang Regency. LMDI decomposes emission changes into emission intensity, waste-treatment structure, waste-generation intensity, economic activity, and population effects, while FOD captures legacy methane from historical waste disposal. SD was then applied to simulate Business as Usual (BAU), Waste-to-Energy/WTE (S1), CH4 recovery (S2), enhanced recycling (S3), and lower population growth (S4) scenarios through 2050. GHG emissions increased from 541,155.24 tCO2e in 2019 to 648,953.80 tCO2e in 2024. The increase was driven primarily by emission intensity and economic activity, while lower waste-generation intensity and changes in waste-treatment structure partially offset the increase. By 2050, CH4 recovery (S2) yielded the largest reduction relative to BAU (47.02%), followed by recycling (S3) (9.71%), WTE (S1) (9.46%), and the lower-population-growth scenario (S4) (3.04%). These findings demonstrate that methane control and diversion toward controlled treatment pathways are more influential than isolated end-of-pipe interventions, highlighting the importance of an integrated low-carbon MSW strategy.