<![CDATA[Small-scale seaweed aquaculture enterprises in marine conservation areas face intertwined ecological, market, institutional, and supply-chain pressures that can weaken coastal livelihoods. This study assessed the socioeconomic resilience of small-scale seaweed aquaculture enterprises in the North Minahasa Marine Conservation Area, using seaweed-based livelihoods in West Likupang as an empirical case. An integrated House of Risk and fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process approach was used to identify vulnerabilities, rank priority risk sources, and formulate mitigation strategies. Data were obtained through field surveys, focus group discussions, and expert judgements involving seaweed farmers, local authorities, distributors, and researchers. The results showed that dependence on local distributors was the dominant vulnerability, followed by non-competitive selling prices, village geographical isolation, limited institutional engagement, and poorly targeted government assistance. Together, these five risks accounted for approximately 70% of the aggregate risk. Fuzzy AHP prioritized seaweed cultivation information centres (0.309), producer clusters (0.271), farmer communities or cooperatives (0.245), and low-bandwidth ICT-based market coordination platforms (0.176). The findings indicate that strengthening seaweed-enterprise resilience requires integrating conservation governance with transparent market information, collective organization, institutional support, and product-quality improvement.]]>
