<![CDATA[Purpose: This study examines the relationships between Capital Intensity, Investment Opportunity Set, and Information Asymmetry with Accounting Conservatism in Indonesian property and real-estate firms during the 2020–2024 period. This research aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the determinants of conservative financial reporting practices in an asset-intensive industry.Research Methodology: This study uses secondary data from 23 publicly listed property and real-estate firms in Indonesia during 2020–2024. The data were analyzed using pooled Cochrane–Orcutt regression to address autocorrelation issues and were supported by three sensitivity checks to assess the robustness and consistency of the findings.Results: The findings show that Capital Intensity has a negative and significant association with Accounting Conservatism, contrary to the proposed hypothesis. Meanwhile, Investment Opportunity Set and Information Asymmetry have no significant partial effects, although the predictor variables are jointly informative in the primary model. The coefficient patterns remain consistent across the sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: Asset intensity is the strongest correlate of conservative reporting behavior in this sample, while growth opportunities and market-information variables provide limited explanatory power.Limitations: This study is limited by its short sector-specific panel, as well as the use of accrual-based, CAPBVA, and single-date spread proxies, which may reduce the generalizability of the results.Contributions: This study contributes by identifying a boundary condition for political-cost predictions, demonstrating that balance-sheet preservation incentives may outweigh reporting caution in asset-intensive firms.]]>
