<![CDATA[The settlement of transmigration land constitutes one of the most persistent burdens within Indonesia's Agrarian Reform agenda, with an asset-legalization target of 0.6 million hectares out of a total target of 9 million hectares, yet achievement by the end of 2020 stood at only around 21.57–21.68 percent, and was recorded at just 18.85 percent in the 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan evaluation. This article aims to map the root causes hindering the settlement of transmigration land, analyze the cross-sectoral institutional mechanisms developed by the Central Agrarian Reform Task Force (GTRA), examine the socio-legal dimension of informal (under-hand) land transfers, and formulate relevant policy updates. A qualitative document-analysis method was applied to three 2020 GTRA Executive Briefs, supplemented by a review of statutory regulations, two Jurnal Tunas Agraria articles, and the 2024 PPKTrans–UGM technical guidance module. The findings indicate that the principal obstacles lie in four domains: data (unsynchronized spatial and juridical data across ministries/agencies), cross-sectoral coordination and leadership, regulation (overlapping forest areas, plantation-use rights, and unclear village boundaries), and socio-legal issues arising from informal land transfers driven by transmigrants' economic pressure. The establishment of a Cross-Sectoral Working Team, the collaborative model built on a formal cooperation agreement in West Sulawesi, and the emerging “Transpolitan Transmigration” paradigm following the enactment of Government Regulation 19/2024 stand out as promising institutional breakthroughs. The article recommends strengthening a unified land-data policy, accelerating the resolution of land within forest areas, expanding access to land-deed officer (PPAT) services in transmigration areas, and reinforcing evidence-based collaborative governance as the future policy direction. Keywords: agrarian reform; transmigration land; collaborative governance; land certification; land policy. Abstrak: Penyelesaian tanah transmigrasi merupakan salah satu beban penting dalam agenda Reforma Agraria Indonesia, dengan target legalisasi aset seluas 0,6 juta hektare dari total target 9 juta hektare, namun capaiannya hingga akhir tahun 2020 baru mencapai kisaran 21,57–21,68 persen dan bahkan tercatat 18,85 persen pada evaluasi RPJMN 2020–2024. Artikel ini bertujuan memetakan akar masalah penyelesaian tanah transmigrasi, menganalisis mekanisme kelembagaan lintas sektor yang dikembangkan Gugus Tugas Reforma Agraria (GTRA) Pusat, mengkaji dimensi sosio-legal peralihan hak melalui jual beli di bawah tangan, serta merumuskan pembaruan kebijakan yang relevan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis dokumen kualitatif terhadap tiga Executive Brief GTRA Pusat tahun 2020, dilengkapi kajian pustaka atas peraturan perundang-undangan, dua artikel Jurnal Tunas Agraria, dan Modul Bimbingan Teknis Ditjen PPKTrans-UGM 2024. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan utama terletak pada empat aspek: data (ketidaksinkronan data spasial dan yuridis antar-kementerian/lembaga), koordinasi dan kepemimpinan lintas sektor, regulasi (tumpang tindih kawasan hutan, HGU, dan batas desa), serta persoalan sosio-legal berupa peralihan hak informal yang timbul akibat tekanan ekonomi transmigran. Pembentukan Tim Kerja Lintas Sektor, model kolaborasi berbasis Perjanjian Kerja Sama di Sulawesi Barat, serta paradigma baru “Transmigrasi Transpolitan” pasca-terbitnya PP 19/2024 menjadi terobosan kelembagaan yang menjanjikan. Artikel ini merekomendasikan penguatan kebijakan satu data pertanahan, percepatan penyelesaian kawasan hutan, penguatan akses layanan PPAT di kawasan transmigrasi, dan tata kelola kolaboratif berbasis bukti sebagai arah kebijakan ke depan. Kata Kunci: reforma agraria; tanah transmigrasi; tata kelola kolaboratif; sertipikasi tanah; kebijakan pertanahan.]]>
