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All Journal Jp.jok (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan)
Yusuf, Pipin Maolana
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Elementary School Physical Education Teachers’ Challenges in Educational Technology Integration: An Urban-Rural Comparison in Subang Regency, Indonesia Yusuf, Pipin Maolana; Susilawati, Dewi; Fauzi, Rizal Ahmad
Jp.jok (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Jp.jok (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan)
Publisher : Physical Education, Health and Recreation Study Program, Universitas Insan Budi Utomo, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33503/jp.jok.v10i1.3480

Abstract

Technology integration in elementary school physical education may differ between urban and rural settings, yet empirical comparisons in Indonesia remain limited. This study compared teachers’ perceptions of educational technology and barriers to its integration in urban and rural elementary schools in Subang Regency, Indonesia. A quantitative comparative design was used with 84 physical education teachers: 56 from schools in villages classified as urban and 28 from schools in villages classified as rural according to BPS-Statistics Indonesia. Data were collected using a 26-item Likert-scale questionnaire adapted from the Technology Acceptance Model and Ertmer’s First- and Second-Order Barriers framework. Internal consistency was acceptable across the four subscales. Because most subscale distributions departed from normality, between-group differences were examined using the Mann–Whitney U test, with Holm–Bonferroni adjustment for the four primary comparisons. Rural teachers reported significantly greater First-Order Barriers (U = 450.50, adjusted p = .008, r = .35) and Second-Order Barriers (U = 452.00, adjusted p = .008, r = .34) than urban teachers. Rural teachers also reported lower Perceived Usefulness at the unadjusted level (U = 567.50, p = .038, r = .23), but this difference was not statistically significant after adjustment (p = .076). No significant difference was found for Perceived Ease of Use (U = 606.00, p = .089, r = .19). The findings indicate that the most robust urban–rural disparities concern both structural barriers and belief-related barriers to educational technology integration. These results support the need for context-sensitive infrastructure provision and professional development in rural physical education settings.
Co-Authors Dewi Susilawati Fauzi, Rizal Ahmad