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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies PELS (Procedia of Engineering and Life Science)
Kabas Aziz Hassan
Middle technical University , Anbar Technical Institute
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Experimental and Theoretical Study for Evaluating Journal Bearing Performance under Internal Combustion Engine Operating Conditions Using Mixed Simulation Methodology Kabas Aziz Hassan; Mariya Thaer Abdulhadi; Shuhub Ahmed Shihab
Procedia of Engineering and Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Proceedings of the 9th Seminar Nasional Sains 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/pels.v10i1.3106

Abstract

General Background Modern internal combustion engines demand high efficiency and operational durability under severe thermal and mechanical stresses. Specific Background Journal bearings frequently operate under severe loading, transitioning from hydrodynamic to mixed lubrication regimes. Knowledge Gap However, predicting frictional losses remains challenging due to complex interactions between elastic surface deformations, piezoviscosity, and shear thinning. Aims This study presents an integrated methodology combining experimental test-rig evaluations with multi-body hydroelastic simulations to evaluate journal bearing performance. Results Results indicate that while temperature reduces oil viscosity, high hydrodynamic pressures exceeding 200 MPa increase viscosity, whereas shear rates up to 2.2×10⁷ s⁻¹ cause noticeable shear thinning at high speeds. Additionally, initial edge contact stresses decrease rapidly during the running-in phase. Novelty A fully coupled thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic framework incorporating worn surface topographies is established. Implications These insights enable optimized bearing geometry designs and advanced lubricant formulations for high-efficiency engines. Key Findings Highlights Combined hydroelastic simulation and dynamic testing accurately predict journal bearing friction loss. Pressure-viscosity and shear thinning effects significantly influence high-load fluid film stability. Edge wear during running-in rapidly reduces peak contact stress without altering hydrodynamic torque. Keywords :  Journal Bearings, Mixed Lubrication, Elastohydrodynamics, Friction Torque, Internal Combustion Engines
Experimental and Theoretical Study for Evaluating Journal Bearing Performance under Internal Combustion Engine Operating Conditions Using Mixed Simulation Methodology Kabas Aziz Hassan; Mariya Thaer Abdulhadi Hassan; Shuhub Ahmed Shihab
Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijins.v27i2.2427

Abstract

General Background Sliding bearings in internal combustion engines endure high loads and harsh operational environments under traditionally relied upon hydrodynamic lubrication systems. Specific Background Modern engines require improved efficiency and reduced emissions, driving the transition toward mixed lubrication regimes that pose significant durability and wear challenges. Knowledge Gap Evaluating sliding bearing performance under severe operating conditions requires an integrated methodology combining practical experiments and theoretical simulations using hydroelastic models that account for contact surface deformations. Aims This research aims to present an integrated methodology combining practical experiments and theoretical simulations to evaluate sliding bearing performance under demanding engine operating conditions. Results The results indicate a complex interaction between temperature, film thickness, and load-bearing capacity, demonstrating that friction coefficients depend significantly on applied axial pressure and temperature variations. Novelty This study integrates elastohydrodynamic lubrication modeling with experimental validation to assess mixed lubrication transitions, lubricant rheology under high pressure, and iterative surface wear profiles. Implications These findings provide critical insights for developing innovative adaptive lubricating oils and advanced bearing designs to enhance durability and efficiency in internal combustion engines. Key Findings Highlights The friction coefficient increases significantly with higher loads, reflecting a transition into a mixed lubrication system. High pressure significantly increases lubricant viscosity via compressive viscosity effects, whereas high shear rates induce viscosity thinning. Iterative wear simulations using Archard's equation show that initial edge loading wear reaches a depth of 3.6 micrometers and stabilizes contact pressure over time. Keywords Sliding Bearing, Mixed Lubrication, Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication, Internal Combustion Engine, Lubricant Rheology
Co-Authors Mariya Thaer Abdulhadi Mariya Thaer Abdulhadi Hassan Shuhub Ahmed Shihab