<![CDATA[Background The management of hazardous and toxic medical waste (B3) is a critical issue in healthcare because it poses potential risks to public health and the environment. The complexity of medical waste management requires the involvement of various parties through a collaborative governance approach to ensure the management process runs effectively and complies with regulations. Methods This study employed a qualitative descriptive method using the Collaborative Governance Regime approach by Emerson et al. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, and documentation of actors involved in the management of hazardous medical waste at Menur Mental Hospital, Surabaya. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. Results The results show that hazardous medical waste management is implemented through collaboration between Menur Mental Hospital, Surabaya, PT Arah Environmental Indonesia, the East Java Provincial Health Office, and the East Java Provincial Environmental Office. Collaboration is realized through communication, coordination, division of tasks, supervision, and the use of a digital reporting system. This collaboration contributes to increased regulatory compliance, strengthened oversight systems, improved hospital service quality, and reduced environmental pollution risks. Conclusion Collaborative governance in the management of hazardous medical waste at Menur Mental Hospital, Surabaya, has been effective and supports more effective, transparent, and sustainable waste management. However, operational capacity improvements are still needed, particularly to ensure smooth medical waste transportation.]]>
