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Wahdaniar
Program Studi Sains Biomedis, Fakultas Teknologi Kesehatan, Universitas Megarezky, Manggala, Makassar, 90234, Indonesia
Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Characterization of Collagen from Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Bone Using Sodium Hydroxide-Assisted Hydrolysis Nur Aini Abdul Rahman; Wahdaniar; Nur Insani Amir
Journal of Biomedical Sciences and Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Karya Husada Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34310/jbsh.v2.i2.231

Abstract

Background. Collagen is the main structural protein in vertebrate connective tissue, comprising 25–30% of total animal protein. Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bone is a promising alternative collagen source, available in large quantities as a fishery by-product in Indonesia. Objective. This study determined the extraction yield and characterized the collagen extract obtained from skipjack tuna bone via maceration with 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Methods. Bone was macerated in 5% NaOH for three days, neutralized with 10% HCl to pH 7, and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Characterization included yield, organoleptic properties, moisture, ash content, functional groups by FTIR, and protein content by the Lowry method with a BSA calibration curve. Results. Extraction yield was 29.85%, considerably higher than acid-based extraction of related tuna species (1.42–21.05%), indicating co-extraction of non-collagenous compounds by NaOH. Moisture (4.03%) and ash (0.18%) met the SNI 8076:2014 threshold. FTIR showed absorption peaks at 3450.65 cm⁻¹ (amide A), 2926.01 cm⁻¹ (amide B), and 1637.56 cm⁻¹ (amide I); the peak at 1408.04 cm⁻¹ fell outside the standard amide II range (1517–1560 cm⁻¹) and is more appropriately identified as a carboxylate vibration. The Lowry calibration curve yielded a protein concentration of 228.8 ppm and a protein content of 91.4%, meeting the SNI minimum standard (>75%). Conclusion. Skipjack tuna bone is a promising collagen source with proximate characteristics meeting national standards, though confirming collagen identity requires further analysis, including hydroxyproline content and SDS-PAGE profiling.
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Test of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Bone Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Burn Wound Infection Arista; Miladiarsi; Wahdaniar
Journal of Biomedical Sciences and Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Karya Husada Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34310/jbsh.v2.i2.237

Abstract

Background: Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bone, an abundant fishery byproduct in Indonesian waters, contains bioactive compounds such as collagen, hydroxyapatite, and antimicrobial peptides with potential antibacterial properties. Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of burn wound infection that is difficult to treat due to its biofilm-forming capacity, making natural antibacterial sources from fishery waste a relevant research direction. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of skipjack tuna bone extract against S. aureus isolated from burn wound infection. Methods: Skipjack tuna bone was extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method at extract concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, with distilled water as the negative control, 70% ethanol as the solvent control, and ciprofloxacin as the positive control. Inhibition zone diameters were measured after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. Results: Inhibition zone diameter increased with rising extract concentration, from 2.7 mm (20%) to 5.4 mm (80%). Ciprofloxacin produced a 40.1 mm inhibition zone (very strong category), ethanol produced 4.95 mm (weak category), while distilled water showed no inhibition. Based on antibacterial activity classification, extract concentrations of 20–60% were categorized as weak and 80% as moderate. Conclusion: Skipjack tuna bone extract exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a consistent increasing pattern relative to concentration, although its activity remained weak to moderate compared with ciprofloxacin. Further studies with replication and statistical analysis are needed to confirm this dose-response relationship quantitatively.  
Co-Authors Arista Miladiarsi Nur Aini Abdul Rahman Nur Insani Amir