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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
Cheikhani Abdel Kader
University of Nouakchott
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Short-circuit analysis and protection coordination of a 33 kV phosphate plant distribution network Cheikhani Abdel Kader; Bamba El Heiba; Mohamed El Mamy Mohamed Mahmoud; Beibah Gleigume; Abdel Kader Mahmoud
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 17, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i3.pp1768-1779

Abstract

This study presents a short-circuit and protection coordination analysis of a 33 kV/0.4 kV industrial distribution network supplying a phosphate processing plant in Mauritania. Using ETAP software, the system was modeled to evaluate fault behaviors based on IEC 60909 and IEC 60255-151 standards. The study assesses the existing protection architecture and proposes an optimized digital protection framework. Simulation results indicate that the initial symmetrical short-circuit current at the 0.4 kV busbar reaches 96.5 kA, exceeding the 25-36 kA breaking capacity of the legacy equipment by nearly 300%. The analysis also investigates single-line-to-ground faults, revealing a fault current inversion phenomenon driven by the solid grounding configuration. To address these vulnerabilities, the study proposes upgrading to 150 kA-rated high-breaking-capacity switchgear and implementing advanced negative-sequence protection (ANSI 46) and transformer differential protection (ANSI 87T). This work provides a practical diagnostic framework for mitigating asymmetrical faults and optimizing protection coordination in heavy-duty industrial clusters.
Co-Authors Abdel Kader Mahmoud Bamba El Heiba Beibah Gleigume Mohamed El Mamy Mohamed Mahmoud