<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the intellectual biography of Muhammad Abduh, the methodological characteristics of Tafsir Juz ‘Amma, and his hermeneutic-sociological construction of Surah Al-‘Asr as an instrument of social criticism. The research employs a qualitative library research method with descriptive-analytical and sociological approaches. The findings reveal that Abduh's reformist thoughts were shaped by his academic trauma regarding conventional pedagogical methods at the Al-Ahmadi Mosque in Tanta, which was later reconstructed through the spiritual guidance of Sheikh Darwish Khadr and cosmopolitan intellectual dialectics with Sayyid Jamaluddin al-Afghani. In Tafsir Juz ‘Amma, Abduh implements the Adab al-Ijtima’i (socio-literary) approach, which focuses on the aspect of hidayah (practical guidance) and rejects rigid, dry interpretations (jaf mub’idun ‘anillah). Through his interpretation of Surah Al-‘Asr, Abduh deconstructs the theological fatalism of society that frequently scapegoats time for civilizational decline, asserts the neutrality of the historical dimension, and reconstructs the meaning of faith and righteous deeds from a passive-eschatological scope into indicators of emancipatory sociological productivity in the real world. This study concludes that Abduh's interpretation of Surah Al-‘Asr functions as a blueprint for social transformation and an active social contract to extricate the Muslim community from intellectual stagnation and colonialism. ]]>
