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Robert Siburian
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Entikong: Daerah Tanpa Krisis Ekonomi di Perbatasan Kalimantan Barat–Sarawak Robert Siburian
Antropologi Indonesia No 67 (2002): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

"...[...] Entikong, salah satu daerah yang berbatasan dengan negara Malaysia, merupakan daerah yang merespon krisis ekonomi secara berbeda dari sebagian besar daerah di tempat lain. Jika sebagian besar wilayah negara Indonesia mengalami 'kebangkrutan' akibat krisis ekonomi, sebaliknya, masyarakat di daerah perbatasan ini justru meraup keuntungan. Masyarakat Entikong justru menginginkan tetap berlangsungnya krisis ekonomi, karena hal itu membuat semakin bergairahnya kehidupan mereka. Harga jual komoditi pertanian, perkebunan, kehutanan, dan keperluan barang sehari-hari melalui lintas batas antarnegara relatif tinggi. Hal itu terjadi karena selisih kurs yang sangat tinggi. Bahkan, harga barang yang dibeli dari warga negara Indonesia jauh lebih murah daripada harga barang yang sama di Malaysia. Faktor itulah yang mengakibatkan masyarakat Malaysia bersedia membeli barang-barang Indonesia. Faktor pendukung dari keuntungan masyarakat Entikong itu berkaitan dengan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana di Entikong yang relatif memadai. Warga Indonesia atau warga Malaysia tidak terlalu sulit mencapai garis perbatasan sebagai titik pertemuan mereka untuk melakukan interaksi. Selain itu, tingkat ekonomi warga Malaysia relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tingkat ekonomi warga Indonesia. Warga negara Indonesia pun mampu menawarkan komoditi dengan kualitas yang tidak terlalu rendah dan harga bersaing dengan barang-barang yang diperjualbelikan di Malaysia. Bahkan, tingkat harganya sangat rendah dipandang dari sudut kacamata ekonomi Malaysia."
PERTAMBANGAN BATU BARA: ANTARA MENDULANG RUPIAH DAN MENEBAR POTENSI KONFLIK Robert Siburian
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 38, No 1 (2012): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v38i1.297

Abstract

In East Kalimantan, mining sector contributes more than three quarter of the provinces Gross Domestic Product. Given the high dependency on this sector, demand ? uctuation for mining products will have a signi? cant effect on the provincial economy. Since the decentralization era, mining activities, especially coal, have been increasing rapidly. Both the provincial and the district government have collected signi? cant income from the non-tax revenue. Despite the increased in the revenue, however, mining activities have not been able to improve the welfare of the communities. Even worse, there are widespread environmental damages in East Kalimantan due to reckless coal mining activities. In addition to this negative environmental impact, coal mining activities have also caused a series of con? ict both vertically and horizontally among communities. It coused some people to lose their land and their livelihoods. This paper examines coal mining activities in East Kalimantan and how it caused con? icts in the area. The study inds that there is a strong relationship between the forest, the land, and Dayak people, the indigenous people in this province. The forest and the land in East Kalimantan are used as a medium for showing peoples cultural identity. Without their forest and their land, Dayak people can not survive their cultural identity. Keywords: Pertambangan batu bara, kon? ik, orang Dayak, kerusakan lingkungan.
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