Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the mental health of people around the world, including increased levels of aggressiveness and depression. This study aims to identify the relationship between aggressiveness and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research uses the literature review with the PICO method which selects relevant sources based on patient, population or problem, intervention, comparison, and outcome. Articles were collected using search engines such as EBSCO, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Proquest. The criteria for articles used were those published in 2019-2024. Results: The literature review conducted in this study identified 22 relevant articles addressing the issue of aggressiveness and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. These articles provide critical insights into the complex relationship between these two mental health challenges, particularly in the context of the unique stressors introduced by the pandemic. The analysis of these sources highlights the significant increase in both depression and aggressive behaviors, emphasizing the need for comprehensive mental health interventions to address the dual impact of these conditions during global health crises. Conclusion: The pandemic has exacerbated mental health conditions, with depression becoming more prevalent and often leading to aggressive behavior due to impaired emotion regulation. Contributing factors include psychological distress, social isolation, economic uncertainty, and disrupted routines. The findings highlight the need for holistic mental health interventions and adequate social support to mitigate these effects.