<![CDATA[Surgical site infection (SSI) is a postoperative complication that can increase morbidity, length of hospital stay, and treatment costs. Prophylactic antibiotics are the primary preventive measure, but their effectiveness is greatly influenced by the timeliness, type, and duration of administration. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between prophylactic antibiotic administration and the incidence of SSI in post-obstetric and gynecological surgery patients at H. Badaruddin Kasim Tanjung Regional Hospital. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 35 respondents through a total sampling technique. Data were obtained from medical records regarding the time, type, dose, redosing, and duration of antibiotic administration, along with the incidence of SSI. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests. The results showed that the timeliness of antibiotic administration was significantly associated with the incidence of SSI, while the type of antibiotic and the duration of postoperative administration did not show a significant relationship. All respondents received the correct dose and did not require intraoperative redosing. This study concluded that timeliness is a key factor determining the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing SSI, while variations in the type and duration of administration did not have a significant effect. These findings emphasize the importance of improving adherence to antibiotic dosing standards in obstetric and gynecological surgical practice to strengthen infection prevention efforts. ]]>
