<![CDATA[Supporting people with intellectual disabilities in crime prevention and post-imprisonment resocialisation is a key challenge for modern society. This expert article by Lukáš Stárek highlights the understudied issue of individuals with intellectual disabilities who commit crimes and serve sentences in the Czech prison system. Based on a literature review and an analysis of current legal frameworks and interventions, this paper aims to outline the evolution of terminology, shifting social attitudes, and changing professional approaches when working with this target group. Historically, terminology has shifted from stigmatising terms like "mental retardation" toward more humanistic language, namely "people with intellectual disabilities" (as adopted in ICD-11 by the WHO), to respect individual dignity and uniqueness. The article emphasizes the fulfillment of individual rights, respect for autonomy, and the enhancement of personal responsibility and adaptive capabilities. Within the Czech prison system, this study analyzes various integrated interventions, such as educational programs, social and financial skills training, psychological support, and community reintegration preparation to prevent recidivism. Successful resocialisation depends not only on strengthening correctional programs, but also on creating an inclusive environment outside prison walls. Joint efforts among professionals, families, and the general public are crucial to prevent social exclusion and enable individuals with intellectual disabilities to become equal members of society. In conclusion, the article provides practical recommendations for future penal policy improvements and social work practice.]]>
