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All Journal Jurnal Keperawatan Respati Yogyakarta
Peni Cahyati
Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya, Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia
Health Professions Nursing

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Oxygenation Status, Mean Arterial Pressure, and Level of Consciousness as Determinants of the Glasgow Outcome Scale in Traumatic Brain Injury Yudi Triguna; Dewi - Aryanti; Peni Cahyati; Maya Lestari
Jurnal Keperawatan Respati Yogyakarta Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER 2026
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35842/jkry.v13i3.895

Abstract

Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) threatens survival after traumatic brain injury (TBI) because cerebral perfusion pressure equals mean arterial pressure (MAP) minus ICP, yet Indonesian emergency departments manage this without ICP monitoring. The routine response is high-flow oxygen through a non-rebreather mask, but the hypocapnia it induces constricts cerebral vessels and may lower cerebral blood flow, so which bedside parameter signals outcome afterwards remains unclear. This study contributed to evaluating peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂), MAP, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at a fixed point 30 minutes after the initial emergency bundle, contributing the first evidence from an Indonesian district emergency department linking post-intervention bedside physiology to functional outcome. A prospective cohort of 23 consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe TBI was analysed using Kruskal–Wallis tests and backward binary logistic regression against the one-month Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). SpO₂ was significantly associated with GOS (p = 0.013), whereas MAP (p = 0.251) and GCS score (p = 0.201) were not; SpO₂ alone was retained in the final model (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.38–1.03; p = 0.065). Oxygenation carries the most outcome information in the first 30 minutes and should be protected within a target range rather than maximised.
Co-Authors Dewi - Aryanti Maya Lestari Yudi Triguna