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All Journal Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia
Reti Puji Handayani
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Holistik, indonesia

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Formulation and Evaluation of the Physical Stability of an Anti-Inflammatory Gel Preparation Containing a Standardized Extract of Jatropha curcas (Duduk) Leaves with a Carbomer Base Nurul Fitriani; Putri Rovita Sari; Reti Puji Handayani
Fundamental and Applied Research in Medicine and Allied Sciences Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): November, 2026
Publisher : CV. Get Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69855/farmasi.v2i2.654

Abstract

Jatropha curcas L. (locally known as “duduk” in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia) has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory agent. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical stability and anti-inflammatory activity of a topical gel containing standardized ethanolic leaf extract of J. curcas using carbomer 940. The extract was obtained by maceration with 96% ethanol and standardized based on total flavonoid and phenolic contents. Three formulations containing 5% extract and 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% carbomer 940 (F1–F3) were evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, adhesion, and accelerated stability over 28 days. All formulations were homogeneous with a pale green color and mild odor. F2 (1.0% carbomer) showed optimal characteristics, with a pH of 6.82, viscosity of 4,850 cPs, spreadability of 6.21 cm, and adhesion of 14.3 s, and remained stable throughout testing. F2 also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in the BSA protein denaturation assay, with an IC₅₀ of 87.4 µg/mL. The 1.0% carbomer 940 formulation demonstrated optimal physical characteristics, stability, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, indicating its potential as a natural topical anti-inflammatory preparation.
Co-Authors Nurul Fitriani Putri Rovita Sari