<![CDATA[Purpose: This study analyzes the legal regulation of palm oil industrial waste management within sustainable environmental governance and examines corporate legal liability under Law No. 6 of 2023. It argues that industrial waste must be addressed as a legal governance issue requiring prevention, supervision, accountability, and ecological restoration. Research Design and Methodology: Using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study examines environmental approvals, wastewater standards, administrative sanctions, and corporate liability under Indonesian law. Legal materials were analyzed qualitatively using grammatical, systematic, and teleological interpretations through principles of precautionary action, polluter-pays, and corporate accountability. Findings and Discussion: Although Indonesia has established a regulatory framework including environmental approvals, waste standards, and sustainability certifications it emphasizes procedural compliance over measurable ecological outcomes, preventing fully integrated governance. Furthermore, legal liability spans administrative, civil, criminal, and corporate domains. Administrative measures act as early corrections, civil liability covers restoration, criminal sanctions address severe violations, and corporate liability holds decision-makers accountable for risk management systems. Implications: Environmental law reform must align business licensing, waste monitoring, sanctions, public information access, and restoration obligations, treating waste governance as an integrated legal system. Future research should assess empirical enforcement, regional supervision, compliance behavior, and community access to remedies in palm oil-producing regions.]]>
