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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal West Science Social and Humanities Studies
Iqbal Utama
Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Crime as a Social Phenomenon: A Criminological Analysis of Social Factors and Crime Prevention Strategies in Indonesia Rojalih Rojalih; Upik Mutiara; Iqbal Utama; Mahes Pahlevi
West Science Social and Humanities Studies Vol. 4 No. 09 (2026): West Science Social and Humanities Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsshs.v4i09.3122

Abstract

Crime cannot be understood merely as a violation of criminal law norms but also as a social phenomenon that emerges, develops, and transforms alongside changes in society. Changes in social structures, economic inequality, social disorganization, weak social control, peer influence, technological development, and social labeling may contribute to criminal behavior. This article aims to examine crime from a social perspective and analyze social factors contributing to criminal behavior as well as crime prevention strategies in Indonesia. This research employs normative juridical methods using conceptual, statutory, and criminological approaches through library research. The findings indicate that crime is a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be effectively addressed solely through repressive measures. A sociological perspective demonstrates that social environments, unequal opportunities, weak social integration, and ineffective social control mechanisms may create conditions conducive to criminal behavior. Therefore, crime prevention policies should integrate penal and non-penal approaches through strengthening families, education, economic empowerment, community development, public trust in legal institutions, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of offenders. Crime control policies that focus exclusively on punishment risk failing to address the underlying social roots of criminality.
Co-Authors Mahes Pahlevi Rojalih Rojalih Upik Mutiara