<![CDATA[Perkembangan industri musik di era digital telah membuka akses distribusi karya seni secara global melalui platform seperti Spotify, YouTube, dan TikTok, namun sekaligus meningkatkan risiko pelanggaran hak cipta lintas negara di mana batas antara inspirasi dan plagiarisme semakin kabur. Kasus yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah dugaan pelanggaran hak cipta antara lagu "Apa Sih" karya Band Radja yang dirilis pada 21 Desember 2024 dengan lagu "APT." karya Rosé dan Bruno Mars yang dirilis pada 18 Oktober 2024. Dugaan kemiripan keduanya viral di media sosial Indonesia dan menarik perhatian Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual (DJKI), dengan analisis musikologis menunjukkan indeks kemiripan substansial rata-rata tertimbang mencapai 67% yang dinilai melampaui ambang batas kualitatif dalam doktrin hukum hak cipta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui studi kepustakaan dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Analisis difokuskan pada perbandingan unsur melodi dan struktur lagu serta konsep video klip guna menilai ada atau tidaknya kesamaan substansial yang dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai pelanggaran hak cipta berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta (UUHC). Hasil analisis menemukan kesamaan substansial yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran Pasal 9 ayat (1) jo. Pasal 9 ayat (2) dan (3) UUHC 2014. Pada unsur melodi, kemiripan terkonsentrasi pada pola intro vokal repetitif, ritme vokal verse, struktur chorus, riff gitar transisi, dan progresi chord minor, didukung pengakuan terbuka pihak Radja serta penghapusan bagian bermasalah saat merilis ulang di Spotify. Pada unsur video klip sebagai karya sinematografi berdasarkan Pasal 40 ayat (1) huruf m UUHC, terdapat duplikasi konsep visual yang disengaja meliputi peniruan penampilan karakter dan gimik ikonik milik Bruno Mars. Upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh pemegang hak cipta mencakup jalur pidana berdasarkan Pasal 113 UUHC, gugatan perdata ke Pengadilan Niaga, serta mekanisme non-litigasi melalui mediasi, maupun klaim platform digital berbasis Content ID. Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta, Lagu "Apa Sih" Radja, Lagu "APT." Rosé dan Bruno Mars, Kesamaan Substansial. The development of the music industry in the digital era has opened global distribution access for artistic works through platforms such as Spotify, YouTube, and TikTok, while simultaneously increasing the risk of cross-border copyright infringement where the boundary between inspiration and plagiarism has become increasingly blurred. This research focuses on the alleged copyright infringement between the song "Apa Sih" by Band Radja, released on December 21, 2024, and "APT." by Rosé (BLACKPINK) and Bruno Mars, released on October 18, 2024. The alleged similarities went viral on Indonesian social media and drew the attention of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI), with musicological analysis indicating a weighted average substantial similarity index of 67%, which is considered to exceed the qualitative threshold under copyright law doctrine. This research employs a normative legal research method through library study using three approaches: the statutory approach, the conceptual approach, and the case approach. The analysis focuses on comparing melodic elements, song structure, and music video concepts to assess whether substantial similarity exists that can be qualified as copyright infringement under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright (Copyright Law). The analysis finds substantial similarity that can be categorized as a violation of Article 9 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 9 paragraphs (2) and (3) of the Copyright Law. Regarding melodic elements, the similarities are concentrated in the repetitive vocal intro pattern, verse vocal rhythm, chorus structure, transitional guitar riffs, and minor chord progressions, further supported by Radja's open admission and the removal of the disputed section upon re-release on Spotify. Regarding the music video as a cinematographic work under Article 40 paragraph (1) letter m of the Copyright Law, there is intentional duplication of visual concepts including imitation of character appearances and Bruno Mars's iconic gimmicks. Legal remedies available to the copyright holder include criminal sanctions under Article 113 of the Copyright Law, civil claims before the Commercial Court, and non-litigation mechanisms through mediation, and digital platform-based Content ID claims. Keywords: Copyright, "Apa Sih" Song by Radja, "APT." Song by Rosé and Bruno Mars, Substantial Similarity.]]>
