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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE)
Serdan Kervan
University Ukshin Hoti
Education

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Demographic determinants and interaction effects on parental involvement: a case study from Kosovo Serdan Kervan; Soner Yıldırım; Erdoğan Tezci; Taleh Khalilov
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 5: October 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i5.39611

Abstract

This study examined parental involvement in education among 1,228 parents in Kosovo whose children attend preschool and primary school, with respect to native language, gender, education level, number of children, and the child’s grade level. Findings indicated that the highest parental involvement was in home organization and academic monitoring (HOAM) and the lowest in school-based active participation (SBAP). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by native language revealed significant differences across all four dimensions. Discriminant analysis (DA) results showed that SBAP was the strongest discriminator; Albanian-speaking parents scored higher in SBAP and teacher–parent communication (TPC), whereas Turkish-speaking parents scored higher in home-based learning support (HBLS) and HOAM. Interaction analyses showed that language was a stronger discriminator particularly for fathers. The interactions of native language×education level, native language×number of children, and education level×gender were not significant. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the multidimensional structure of parental involvement varies systematically across demographic factors.
Co-Authors Erdoğan Tezci Soner Yıldırım Taleh Khalilov