<![CDATA[Shivering is a common complication in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia causes sympathetic block and vasodilation, leading to a redistribution of body heat and a lowered shivering threshold. Shivering can increase oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, as well as cause discomfort in patients. This study aimed to determine the incidence of shivering in surgical patients undergoing spinal anesthesia at Makassar Central General Hospital. This study employed a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 respondents selected using total sampling from February 2 to March 4, 2026, at the Central Surgical Unit. The degree of shivering was directly observed using the Mahajan Scale observation sheet (0–4), while data on age, gender, and duration of surgery were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced grade 2 shivering defined as muscle activity limited to a single muscle group with 17 respondents (56.7%), while 13 respondents (43.3%) experienced grade 1 shivering, and no cases of severe shivering were found. Most respondents were aged 25–59 years (63.3%), were female (80.0%), and underwent surgery lasting more than 1 hour (86.7%). In conclusion, the incidence of shivering in surgical patients under spinal anesthesia is predominantly moderate in severity, thus requiring monitoring and preventive measures, such as the use of warming blankets and warmed intravenous fluids.]]>
