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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Ethics
Nico Irawan
Graduate School, Stamford International University, Thailand
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Early Detection of Financial Distress in Islamic Banking Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence Imam Supriadi; Eva Wany; Nico Irawan
JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSSINES ETHICS Vol 3 No 2 (2026): JIESBI: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Ethics
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/jiesbi.v3i2.577

Abstract

This paper examines the effectiveness of an explainable machine learning–based Early Warning System (EWS) in detecting financial distress in Islamic banking. Following recurrent episodes of financial instability, regulators and bank managers increasingly require predictive tools that are not only accurate but also interpretable. This study aims to develop a transparent and reliable distress prediction framework for Indonesian Islamic banks. Conventional early warning models can signal which banks are at risk but fail to explain why distress occurs at the variable level, limiting their usefulness for supervisory intervention. This study introduces an integrated Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework that combines ensemble tree-based machine learning with SHAP and LIME to uncover non-linear threshold effects in the risk–stability relationship an aspect largely overlooked in prior Islamic banking studies. Using panel data from Indonesian Islamic banks over the period 2014–2024, financial distress is modeled as a binary outcome based on asset quality and profitability thresholds. Predictive performance is evaluated using Random Forest algorithms and benchmarked against conventional logit models, while interpretability is achieved through SHAP and LIME analyses. The results show perfect predictive separation (AUC = 1.00), with operational inefficiency (BOPO), profitability (ROA), and asset quality (NPF Gross) emerging as dominant risk drivers, exhibiting clear non-linear threshold effects. The study concludes that explainable machine learning significantly enhances both predictive accuracy and supervisory interpretability, offering a robust and policy-relevant tool for early intervention in Islamic banking stability.
Negotiating Religious and Cultural Tolerance through Intercultural Encounters in an Indonesian Islamic Boarding School Suprianto Suprianto; Moh. Yahya Obaid; Pairin Pairin; St. Kuraedah; Nico Irawan; Irma Irayanti
Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun Vol. 14 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun
Publisher : SCAD Independent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26811/peuradeun.v14i3.2229

Abstract

Religious and cultural tolerance in faith-based education is often examined through curriculum, leadership, and institutional values, while less attention has been paid to how tolerance is practiced through daily encounters with religious and cultural differences. This study examined how tolerance was cultivated at Ummushabri Islamic Boarding School in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, where Muslim students and educators interacted with non-Muslim foreign teachers and international participants. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected from January to October 2024 through semi-structured interviews with 26 purposively selected participants, classroom and extracurricular observations, and document analysis. The data were analyzed thematically and triangulated across sources. The findings showed that tolerance was practiced through the interaction of tolerance-related curriculum, everyday encounters with foreign educators, extracurricular and international activities, and institutional support. These encounters occurred within maintained Islamic institutional boundaries and were not uniformly accepted, as concerns from some teachers and parents revealed continuing negotiations over religious differences. The study conceptualized tolerance as an institutional–relational process in which institutional arrangements structured opportunities for intercultural contact, while everyday relationships gave tolerance a concrete social form. The findings contribute to discussions of tolerance in Islamic and faith-based education by demonstrating how engagement with religious difference can occur within a clearly defined religious environment without requiring the suspension of institutional identity.
Co-Authors Eva Wany Imam Supriadi Irma Irayanti Moh. Yahya Obaid Pairin Pairin St. Kuraedah Suprianto Suprianto