<![CDATA[Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The success of TB treatment is strongly influenced by patients’ adherence to taking anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs). This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge level and treatment duration with medication adherence among outpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Haji Regional General Hospital in 2026. This study employed a descriptive-correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 60 respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) to assess medication adherence. The results showed that 32 respondents (53.3%) were adherent and 28 respondents (46.7%) were non-adherent to ATD treatment. Among respondents with good knowledge, 28 (46.6%) were adherent and 2 (3.3%) were non-adherent. Meanwhile, among respondents with poor knowledge, 4 (6.6%) were adherent and 26 (43.3%) were non-adherent. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between knowledge level and medication adherence, with a p-value <0.001 and an odds ratio (OR) of 195.750. Among patients who had undergone treatment for 2 months, 25 respondents (41.7%) were adherent, whereas among those who had undergone treatment for 4 months, 7 respondents (11.7%) were adherent. Treatment duration was also significantly associated with medication adherence, with a p-value <0.001 and an OR of 9.000. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between knowledge level and treatment duration with medication adherence among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Continuous education and support are needed to help patients maintain regular ATD use, increase awareness, prevent treatment irregularities, and support completion of therapy according to the regimen prescribed by healthcare professionals.]]>
