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All Journal Jurnal Transformative
Ramadhan, Muhammad Lail
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Social Sciences

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Electoral District Design and the Composition of Representation: District Splitting and Incumbent Turnover in West Bangka Regency, 2024 General Election Zulkarnain, Ariandi A; Ramadhan, Muhammad Lail
Jurnal Transformative Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.transformative.2026.012.02.1

Abstract

Electoral district design is often treated as a technical task, yet it shapes the composition of representation. This article examines the splitting of local legislative districts in West Bangka Regency, Indonesia, from three to four for the 2024 election and, unlike existing Indonesian districting studies, follows the design through to the council it produced, using districting minutes, seat-allocation annexes, the public-hearing report, candidate lists, and the elected-candidate decree. The documents reveal a conflict between statutory principles, so the decision ranked principles rather than applied a formula. The hearings split along seat interests: most party officials defended the existing design, while territorial officials and civil-society organisations demanded the split. The Loosemore–Hanby index rose from 1.12 to 2.41; decomposition attributes 0.17 points to population change, 0.35 to five added seats, and only 0.77, about three fifths, to the boundary decision. Incumbents held 30.8 per cent of seats in the reconfigured districts against 64.7 per cent elsewhere; half of the incumbent absences there were moves to provincial candidacy, yet both incumbents who contested newly separated Simpang Teritip lost. Headline malapportionment thus overstates what administrators choose, and splitting relocates the compromise from vote-value equality to territorial representation.
Co-Authors Ariandi A Zulkarnain