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All Journal Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences
Riswaldi Riswaldi
Universitas Borobudur, Jakarta, Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Legal Accountability of Small-Scale Miners for Environmental Damage Togi M. Mangunsong; Riswaldi Riswaldi
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (June - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v3i2.427

Abstract

Small-scale mining activities in Indonesia have been increasing as a form of natural resource utilization by local communities. However, these practices are often carried out without official permits and without regard for environmental protection principles, resulting in significant environmental damage such as water and soil pollution and ecosystem destruction. This study aims to examine the legal accountability that can be imposed on small-scale miners for the environmental damage caused. The research method used is normative juridical with legislative and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that small-scale miners can be held accountable in three forms of legal responsibility: criminal, civil, and administrative. Criminal liability is regulated under Articles 98–103 of Law Number 32 Year 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UU PPLH), while civil liability in the form of compensation for environmental damage is regulated in Article 87 of the same law. Additionally, administrative sanctions such as license revocation or fines are regulated in Articles 76–80 UU PPLH. Enforcement obstacles arise due to weak supervision, lack of legal mining activity permits, and low legal awareness among the community. Therefore, policy reform is necessary to strengthen supervision, facilitate official permit issuance (IPR), and improve education and guidance for the community. The state also needs to actively regulate and foster small-scale mining to align with sustainable development principles. With a comprehensive approach, small-scale mining can proceed in harmony with environmental protection.
Legal Problems of Personal Data Protection in The Digital Era in Personal Data Protection Law in Indonesia Indra Lutrianto; Riswaldi Riswaldi
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (June - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v3i2.429

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including in the management of personal data. In Indonesia, the use of personal data is increasingly widespread, especially in the digital sector such as e-commerce, fintech, and social media. The condition increases the risk of data leakage and misuse so personal data protection becomes a crucial issue. To respond to these challenges, Indonesia has passed Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (UU PDP) which aims to provide legal protection for data owners and regulate data management mechanisms by data controllers. This investigation seeks to evaluate the PDP Law in Indonesia in the context of the digital era. The approach used in this study is the juridical-normative method with descriptive analysis. Data were obtained through literature studies that include analysis of laws and regulations and legal literature. In addition, it also conducts a study of case studies of data leakage in Indonesia to understand the implementation of regulations and the challenges faced in practice. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the PDP Law in providing comprehensive protection for personal data and identifying obstacles in its enforcement. The results of this study are expected to provide deeper insight into the state of personal data protection in Indonesia and offer recommendations for improving regulations and data protection practices in the future.
Co-Authors Indra Lutrianto Togi M. Mangunsong