<![CDATA[Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is one of the most common maternal health problems during pregnancy. It contributes substantially to maternal and fetal morbidity. Iron deficiency may impair maternal immune function, thereby increasing susceptibility to urinary tract infections (UTIs). Objective: To evaluate the association between IDA and the risk of UTIs among pregnant women. Methods: This study was developed in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library, targeting studies published between 2015 and 2025 using keywords related to iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, and urinary tract infection. Article selection involved identification, title and abstract screening, and full-text eligibility assessment according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies were analyzed narratively. Results: A total of 742 articles were identified during the initial search process, of which 7 studies met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. Most studies demonstrated that pregnant women with IDA had a higher risk of asymptomatic bacteriuria and UTIs compared with non-anemic pregnant women. Significant associations were reported between low hemoglobin levels and increased maternal UTI incidence. Additional factors influencing the occurrence of UTIs included gestational age, nutritional status, parity, and access to antenatal care services. Conclusion: IDA may increase the risk of UTIs through impaired maternal immune function and physiological alterations of the urinary tract during pregnancy. Keywords: asymptomatic bacteriuria, iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, pregnant women, urinary tract infection]]>
