Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.23
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Ichsan Mahjud
Unknown Affiliation
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy

Published : 1 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 1 Documents
Search

 1 
Performance Evaluation of Modulation Schemes on HAPS 28 GHz Backhaul Link: Reliability Analysis and Spectral Efficiency Trade-off Sandryones Palinggi; Umar Katu; Ichsan Mahjud
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 3 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i3.12651

Abstract

Selecting modulation schemes for High-Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) backhaul links at 28 GHz is critical, as higher-order modulations improve spectral efficiency but degrade reliability under tropical conditions. This study evaluates the trade-off for QPSK and 16-QAM through link budget analysis, log-normal fading modeling with 2.5 dB tropospheric scintillation variance, and outage probability estimation via Q-function under three scenarios: clear-sky, rain attenuation, and worst-case (rain + turbulence). Results show that 16-QAM achieves fourfold spectral efficiency improvement (0.8 to 3.2 bps/Hz) but requires 8.2 dB additional Eb/No, degrading receive margin from 12.1 dB to 2.1 dB under rain, with availability dropping from >99.9999% to 80–90%. QPSK maintains a rain margin of 16.3 dB and availability exceeding 99.9999%. These findings confirm that static 16-QAM deployment is unsuitable for tropical environments. Adaptive modulation with dynamic QPSK/16-QAM switching based on real-time channel state information is recommended for reliable HAPS deployment in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Sandryones Palinggi Umar Katu