The increasing intensity and complexity of maritime activities and threats require effective Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) supported by advanced technology and personnel competence. An Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based vulnerability map can assist in processing data, identifying threat patterns, and presenting spatial information on vulnerability levels in a rapid and structured manner. The utilization of this technology needs to be supported by personnel with adequate knowledge, skills, analytical abilities, and proficiency in utilizing information generated through AI-based processing. This study aims to analyze the influence of AI-based vulnerability maps and personnel competence on the effectiveness of MDA at Lanal Balikpapan, both partially and simultaneously. The study employed a quantitative method with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 respondents and analyzed using validity, reliability, classical assumption, multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination. The results indicate that AI-based vulnerability maps have a positive and significant effect on MDA effectiveness, with a t-value of 4.327 and a significance level of 0.000. Personnel competence also has a positive and significant effect, with a t-value of 5.102 and a significance level of 0.000. Simultaneously, both variables significantly affect MDA effectiveness, with an F-value of 48.736 and a significance level of 0.000. The R² value of 0.677 indicates that 67.7% of MDA effectiveness is explained by the two independent variables.