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All Journal JCPS (Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences)
Tiara Halidah Ratnasari
Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Antiseptic Activity of A Mouthwash Containing Kelulut Bee (Homotrigona fimbriata) Propolis and Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Against Streptococcus mutans Javier Dzakwan Nuzuly; Tiara Halidah Ratnasari; Paula Mariana Kustiawan
JCPS (Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences) Vol. 10 No. 2: September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35747/jcps.v10i2.1711

Abstract

Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent oral health problems, with Streptococcus mutans recognized as the primary etiological agent. The prolonged use of synthetic antiseptics may cause undesirable side effects, prompting the need for safer natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the antiseptic activity of a mouthwash formulation containing a combination of stingless bee propolis extract from stingless bees and Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack (selutui puka) leaves extract against Streptococcus mutans. The extracts were obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol and subsequently formulated into five mouthwash preparations with different extract ratios. Antiseptic activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method against S. mutans. The results demonstrated that all formulations exhibited inhibitory activity, as indicated by varying diameters of inhibition zones. Among the tested formulations, Formula F3, containing an equal ratio (1:1) of stingless bee propolis and T. macrocarpa leaves extracts, showed the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 17.2 mm, categorized as strong. The pH values of all formulations ranged from 5.82 to 6.64, indicating suitability for oral application. In conclusion, the combination of H. fimbriata propolis and T. macrocarpa leaves extracts formulated as a mouthwash exhibits notable antiseptic activity against Streptococcus mutans, with the optimal activity observed in the balanced extract ratio.
Co-Authors Javier Dzakwan Nuzuly Paula Mariana Kustiawan