<![CDATA[Background: Diabetes mellitus remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, including among patients receiving referral-level outpatient care. Understanding factors associated with diabetes status in hospital outpatient populations may inform targeted screening and health education. Objective: To examine factors associated with diabetes mellitus among adult outpatients attending the Internal Medicine Clinic of Sungai Lilin General Hospital, Musi Banyuasin Regency, Indonesia, in 2026. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 99 purposively selected adult outpatients recruited between March 9 and April 9, 2026. The reported outpatient population in 2025 comprised 7,394 individuals. Diabetes status was obtained from medical records; sociodemographic, family-history, physical-activity, anthropometric, and dietary data were obtained from records and participant interviews. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and a food-frequency questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of 99 respondents, 57 (57.6%) had diabetes mellitus. In bivariate analyses, age (crude odds ratio [OR] = 17.500; p = 0.001), lower educational attainment (OR = 4.600; p = 0.001), family history (OR = 29.179; p < 0.001), lower physical activity (OR = 2.750; p = 0.027), body mass index ≥23 kg/m² (OR = 3.403; p = 0.022), and dietary score category (OR = 0.198; p < 0.001) were associated with diabetes status; sex was not (p = 0.239). In the final multivariable model, family history (adjusted OR [aOR] = 37.221; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.064–152.844; p < 0.001) and lower educational attainment (aOR = 8.310; 95% CI: 2.043–33.810; p = 0.003) remained statistically significant. BMI was retained in the final model but did not reach statistical significance (aOR = 3.619; 95% CI: 0.865–15.138; p = 0.078). Conclusion: Family history of diabetes and lower educational attainment were independently associated with diabetes status in the final model. These findings support risk-oriented outpatient education and screening.]]>
